名校联盟全国优质校2022届高三大联考

英语试题

本试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.

答案是C。

1. Who is a journalist?

A. Cathy. B. Barbara. C. Mary.

2. What is the woman possibly going to do?

A. Buy some books. B. Review for an exam. C. Take a class.

3. What do we know about the passengers?

A. They’ll board the train. B. They’ll get off the train. C. They’ll stay on the train.

4. What does the woman ask the man to do?

A. Pick up her kid. B. Repair the printer. C. Buy some paper.

5. What does the man mean?

A. They should take it easy. B. They will surprise others. C. They should arrive early.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In a restaurant. B. In a post office. C. In a store.

7. How much should the woman pay in total ?

A. $10. B. $10.50. C. $20.50.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. How will the man travel to New York?

A. By plane. B. By train. C. By car.

9. What will the man do in New York?

A. Walk with the woman. B. Watch a magic show. C. Visit his brother.

10. What will the woman’s vacation probably be like?

A. Busy. B. Exciting. C. Relaxing.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. Which film is the woman going to watch this weekend?

A. Forest Wars. B. The Jupiter Trilogy. C. X for Lavitta.

12. What does the woman think is important for a movie?

A. Its plot. B. Its music. C. Its cast.

13. Who leaves a deep impression on the man speaker?

A. A butcher. B. A director. C. An actor.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14. Why did Jenny make the phone call?

A. To ask a favour. B. To give an invitation. C. To make an appointment.

15. What time will the ceremony start?

A. At 2:00 p. m. B. At 2:30 p. m. C. At 3:00 p. m.

16. How is the weather in Australia?

A. Mild. B. Stormy. C. Snowy.

17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Friends. B. Neighbors. C. Husband and wife.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. How many children does the speaker have?

A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.

19. What did the speaker use to be?

A. A cook. B. A teacher. C. A doctor.

20. What is the speaker devoted to after finishing the program?

A. Treating mental patients.

B. Helping homeless people.

C. Teaching medical students.
 

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Four winter wonderlands for cold-weather getaways

◆JW Marriott The Rosseau Muskoka

Beat any holiday stress with the new HydroSpa opening at Muskoka’s JW Marriott on Nov. 1. The outdoor water entertainment will be open year-round, offering multiple ways to relax including sea-salt floating pools and hot bathtubs.

Stays from $349 / night

◆Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel

This historic inn in Niagara Falls offers multiple ways to relax. There’s Winterfest, meals enjoyed in dining domes（穹顶）housed in the inn’s private square, and the Alpine Club offering roasted nuts and wine around a fire pit. The property will host its annual holiday market on Nov. 26.

Stays from $249 / night

◆Dromoland Castle

If you’re going to go big—and further away—for New Year’s, you may as well go black tie. This grand estate in western Ireland is offering a three - night celebration package, beginning either Dec. 30 or 31. The event on New Year’s Eve includes a cocktail reception and six-course dinner. Guests will have access to various activities on the property’s 450 acres including hunting and farming.

Stays from $2,051 / night

◆St. Regis Aspen

Along with access to many ski options, the hotel’s guests can expect family-friendly fun during the week leading up to Dec. 25. The workshop here is a craft room where attendees can make everything from toys to gifts by hand. Additional sessions cover winter cooking and house decorating.

Stays from US $899 / night

1. How often is the holiday market open in Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel?

A. Yearly. B. Daily. C. Monthly. D. Weekly.

2. What activities can you enjoy if you stay at St. Regis Aspen?

A. Hunting. B. Floating. C. Skating. D. DIY.

3. Which may offer life experience in the countryside?

A. St. Regis Aspen. B. Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel.

C. Dromoland Castle. D. JW Marriott The Rosseau Muskoka.

【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个冬季避寒胜地。

【详解】1.细节理解题。由Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel这一部分中的“The property will host its annual holiday market on Nov. 26.”（该酒店将于11月26日举办一年一度的假日市场。）可知，Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel的假日市场一年举办一次。故选A项。

2.细节理解题。由St. Regis Aspen这一部分中的“Santa’s Workshop is a craft room where attendees can make everything from toys to gifts by hand.”（圣诞老人的工作室是一个工艺室，参加者可以手工制作从玩具到礼物的所有东西。）可知，在St. Regis Aspen里，参加者可以手工制作自己喜欢的东西。故选D项。

3.细节理解题。由Dromoland Castle这一部分中的“Guests will have access to various activities on the property's 450 acres including hunting and farming.”（客人将可以在这酒店450英亩的地域里参加各种活动，包括狩猎和农业。）可知，游客可以在Dromoland Castle里体验乡村生活。故选C项。
 

B

An allergy（过敏）made Clare give up her job training racehorses, but she has now created a new career for herself as a best-selling author. Jane interviews her.

In the large field which would normally contain horses, there are three big dogs running wildly around. As I talk to Clare and her husband, Daniel, he says, “I’m not allowing Clare to have anything larger than those dogs. ” It’s said with a smile, but persuading one of Britain’s most successful racehorse trainers to give up her work can’t have been easy. Clare explains her situation: I’d been ill for some time, and then I discovered that I had actually developed an allergy to horses. Giving up training horses after so long was a horrible decision to take. But it wasn’t as if I needed the money any more. And at least it allowed me to try writing on a full-time basis—I’d been writing in my free time for years! Clare has made a new career as a novelist ever since.

Clare’s son Tim has now taken over her training business. Despite the fact that Tim’s only been doing this for two years, Clare announces proudly that he’s already had several winners. “But racehorse owners have high expectations. Keeping them happy is not an easy task, ” she says. “Itis something you really have to work at and I just hope he can manage. ”

Clare says she is trying to put her life in horse-racing behind her, but in the next breath, she’s talking about a young horse at Tim’s stables（马厩）. She often relieves herself: “ my books are selling well. We do need to sort things out better, though, so we have time to take holidays, and enjoy our hard-earned money! ” However, as hard as she tries, there is obviously a huge gap in Clare’s life that has yet to be filled.

4. What do we learn about Clare in the first paragraph?

A. She likes to follow her husband’s advice.

B. She was relieved to begin a less stressful job.

C. She is still worried about her family’s financial security.

D. She accepted that a change of career would be beneficial.

5. What is Clare’s attitude to her son’s situation?

A. She considers that he is too competitive.

B. She worries that he is under too much pressure.

C. She believes that he should have more contact with her.

D. She thinks he should spend more time with racehorse owners.

6. What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Running a racing stable.

B. Being successful in races.

C. Earning money in horse-racing.

D. Dealing with the racehorse owners.

7. What does the writer mean in the final paragraph?

A. Clare is enlarging the size of her income.

B. Clare misses her involvement with horses.

C. Clare is concentrating too much on her hobbies.

D. Clare plans to return to the horse-racing business.

【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作为驯马师的Clare因为身体原因不得不放弃自己所从事的驯马工作，转行去写作的经历。她的儿子Tim接替了驯马的工作，Clare表达了对他的担心和期盼。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。由第一段的最后一部分描述“I’d been ill for some time, and then I discovered that I had actually developed an allergy to horses. Giving up training horses after so long was a horrible decision to take. But it wasn’t as if I needed the money any more. And at least it allowed me to try writing on a full-time basis—I’d been writing in my free time for years! Clare has made a new career as a novelist ever since.（克莱尔解释了她的情况：我病了一段时间，然后我发现我实际上对马过敏了。在这么长时间之后放弃训练马匹是一个可怕的决定。但似乎我不再需要钱了。至少它让我可以尝试全职写作——多年来我一直在业余时间写作!从那以后，克莱尔开始了小说家的新职业）”可知，放弃驯马师的工作让Clare 可以进行全职写作——她坚持了好多年的业余爱好。由此推知，她认为转行于她是有益的。故选D。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。由第二段中“But racehorse owners have high expectations. Keeping them happy is not an easy task（但赛马主们的期望很高。让他们开心可不是件容易的事）”可知，赛马的主人们期望值很高，让他们满意是比较困难的。由此推知， Clare担心儿子为了做得更好而让自己处于压力之下。故选B。

【6题详解】

词义猜测题。由第二段最后一部分的“But racehorse owners have high expectations. Keeping them happy is not an easy task（但赛马主们的期望很高。让他们开心可不是件容易的事）”可知，让赛马的主人满意是比较困难的，Clare希望他的儿子努力去完成。前面这一句的them 指代racehorse owners，所以it代指“与赛马主人打交道”这件事。故选D。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。由最后一段“Clare says she is trying to put her life in horse-racing behind her, but in the next breath, she’s talking about a young horse at Tim’s stables（马厩）. She often relieves herself: “ my books are selling well. We do need to sort things out better, though, so we have time to take holidays, and enjoy our hard-earned money! ” However, as hard as she tries, there is obviously a huge gap in Clare’s life that has yet to be filled.（克莱尔说，她试图把自己的生活抛在赛马的后面，但紧接着，她谈起了蒂姆马厩里的一匹年轻的马。她经常宽慰自己：“我的书卖得很好。”不过，我们确实需要把事情解决得更好，这样我们才有时间去度假，享受我们辛苦挣来的钱!”然而，尽管她努力尝试，克莱尔的生活中显然有一个巨大的空白，尚未填补）”可知，Clare非常想念她驯马师的工作，从she’s talking about a young horse、relieves、a huge gap in Clare’s life 这些词句中，都可推断体会出Clare想念她之前驯马的工作。故选B。
 

C

The Earth is already 1.1 degrees Celsius hotter than it was 150 years ago. Though a half-degree Celsius difference in temperature increase might seem unimportant, the difference for life on Earth could be huge.

Off the coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is known for being large enough to be seen from space. It’s the size of Germany—a biodiversity hot spot that was once thought to be too big to fail. But over the last few decades, marine（海洋的）biologists like Hoegh-Guldberg have watched its rapid decline.

Oceans are warming along with the atmosphere, since they absorb much of the excess heat from climate change. Repeated marine heat waves over the last five years have turned much of the Great Barrier Reef a terribly white color. When temperatures rise, corals（珊瑚）remove the microscopic algae（海藻）inside them, losing their food source in the process. Sometimes the corals can recover, but increasingly, they’re dying off.

“Something around 50% of the shallow water corals were killed literally over a couple of months, in some cases over a couple of weeks,” Hoegh-Guldberg says. “If you extend that out into the future, we’ll get to a point where the damage overwhelms the ability of corals to bounce back. ”

Marine heat waves have already doubled in number since 1980 and are expected to become more intense as temperatures rise. At 1.5 degrees Celsius, it’s likely that 70% to 90% of coral reefs will die off worldwide. At 2 degrees Celsius of warming, 99% are lost. “If we delay even a year or two more, we really are going down a pathway where there will be no return. We need to act and we need to act decisively, without question and solve this problem. ” Hoegh-Guldberg adds.

8. What do we know about the Great Barrier Reef?

A. It is supposed to never disappear.

B. It used to be indescribably massive.

C. It is too large to be seen from space.

D. It is growing over the last few decades.

9. What are the effects of rising temperatures?

A. Changes in the shape of coral.

B. Increasing risk of coral death.

C. Growing coral recovery capacity.

D. Abundant food sources of corals.

10. What does the underlined word “decisively” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Decidedly. B. Gradually.

C. Constantly. D. Regularly.

11. What is the text mainly about?

A. The temperature affects the life.

B. Climate change causes warming oceans.

C. Coral reefs face almost complete die-off.

D. Extreme heat waves double greatly in number.

【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了由于气温上升，位于澳大利亚的大堡礁中的珊瑚面临着与日俱增的死亡风险。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Off the coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is known for being large enough to be seen from space.”（远离澳大利亚海岸线，大堡礁因为足够大，能在太空中被看到而有名。）可知，the Great Barrier Reef 面积足够广，在太空上都可以看到。故选B。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Sometimes the corals can recover, but increasingly, they’re dying off.”（有时候这些珊瑚可以自己恢复，但是现在它们一个个相继死去的越来越多。）可知，温度上升增加了珊瑚死亡的风险。故选B。

【10题详解】

词义猜测题。根据最后一段Hoegh-Guldberg所说的话“If we delay even a year or two more, we really are going down a pathway where there will be no return. We need to act and we need to act decisively, without question and solve this problem.”（如果我们在耽搁一两年的话，我们会走向一条没有归途的下坡路。我们需要行动起来，并且我们需decisively行动起来，没有疑问地解决这个问题。）可知，decisively是副词，修饰动词act，根据句子的意思可知，如果再耽搁的话，我们可能会走向一条不归之路，所以必须坚决果断地采取行动，和A选项意思一致。故选A。

【11题详解】

文章大意题。根据第三段“Repeated marine heat waves over the last five years have turned much of the Great Barrier Reef a terribly white color. When temperatures rise, corals（珊瑚）remove the microscopic algae（海藻）inside them, losing their food source in the process. Sometimes the corals can recover, but increasingly, they’re dying off.”（反复的海底热量在过去的5年里使得大部分大堡礁变成了糟糕的白色。当温度上升时，珊瑚把它体内的海藻移除，就失去了它的食物。有时候这些珊瑚可以自己恢复，但是现在它们一个个相继死去的越来越多。）可知，这篇文章主要介绍因为温度上升而对珊瑚造成的影响。故选C。
 

D

Loss aversion, the idea that losses are more psychologically influential than gains, is widely considered the most important idea of behavioral decision-making and its sister field of behavioral economics. To illustrate the significance attached to loss aversion, Kahneman, winner of Nobel Prize in economics, wrote in his book, Thinking Fast and Slow, that “the concept of loss aversion is certainly the greatest contribution of psychology to behavioral economics. ”

Why has such profound importance been attributed to loss aversion? Largely because it is thought to reflect a fundamental truth about human beings—that we are more motivated by our fears than by our aspirations. This conclusion has implications for almost every aspect of how we live our lives.

However, as documented in a recent critical review of loss aversion by Rucker of Northwestern University, there is no general cognitive prejudice that leads people to avoid losses more strongly than to pursue gains. Contrary to claims based on loss aversion, price increases do not affect consumer behavior more than price decreases.

If losing $10,000 means giving up the roof over your head whereas gaining $10,000 means going on an extra vacation, it is perfectly reasonable to be more concerned with the loss than the gain.

Why has belief in loss aversion been held so strong for so long? An idealized view of science is that theories are accepted or rejected based solely on evidence from experiments. In fact, science is not simply an impersonal search for truth, but also a social process, in which supporters of a theory must convince other scientists, through logic and argumentation, of how evidence should be interpreted.

In sum, our critical review of loss aversion highlights that, even in contemporary times, wrong ideas can continue to exist for a long time despite contrary evidence, and therefore, that there is a need to critically assess accepted beliefs. While loss aversion has frequently been used to explain why people are prejudiced toward the current situation, perhaps fittingly, the case of loss aversion illustrates the importance of challenging the present state of science.

12. Why did Daniel Kahneman write Thinking Fast and Slow?

A. To record the process of our thinking. B. To test the contribution of loss aversion.

C. To show loss aversion is viewed important. D. To figure out how loss aversion comes about.

13. Which situation worried people most according to Kahneman?

A. Rising price. B. An extra holiday. C. Decreasing price. D. Pursuing gains.

14. What does the author think of science?

A. It is solely based on experiments. B. It bears little relation to evidence.

C. It interprets logic and argumentation. D. Its research process is objective and social.

15. What can be a suitable title for this passage?

A. Why Is An Important Idea False? B. How Can Loss Aversion Be Defined?

C. Is An Accepted Idea Really Objective? D. Can We Take Loss Aversion for Granted?

【答案】12C 13. A 14. D 15. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了由著名的诺贝尔经济学奖获得者美国普斯林敦大学的以色列教授卡尼曼所赞同的厌恶损失理论遭到了人们的质疑。作者从科学的角度解释了著名理论也可能是错误的这一现象。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“To illustrate the significance attached to loss aversion, Kahneman, winner of Nobel Prize in economics, wrote in his book, Thinking Fast and Slow, that “the concept of loss aversion is certainly the greatest contribution of psychology to behavioral economics. ”（为了说明损失厌恶的重要性，诺贝尔经济学奖得主Kahneman在他的著作《快与慢的思考》中写道：“损失厌恶的概念无疑是心理学对行为经济学的最大贡献。”）”可知，Kahneman写Thinking Fast and Slow 这本书是为了解释厌恶损失的重要性。故选C。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Loss aversion, the idea that losses are more psychologically influential than gains, is widely considered the most important idea of behavioral decision-making and its sister field of behavioral economics. To illustrate the significance attached to loss aversion, Kahneman, winner of Nobel Prize in economics, wrote in his book, Thinking Fast and Slow, that “the concept of loss aversion is certainly the greatest contribution of psychology to behavioral economics. ”（损失厌恶，即损失比收益对心理的影响更大的观点，被广泛认为是行为决策及其姐妹领域行为经济学中最重要的观点。为了说明损失厌恶的重要性，诺贝尔经济学奖得主Kahneman在他的著作《快与慢的思考》中写道：“损失厌恶的概念无疑是心理学对行为经济学的最大贡献。”）”；第二段中“Largely because it is thought to reflect a fundamental truth about human beings—that we are more motivated by our fears than by our aspirations. This conclusion has implications for almost every aspect of how we live our lives. （很大程度上是因为它被认为反映了一个关于人类的基本真理——我们更多的是被我们的恐惧而不是我们的渴望所激励。这个结论对我们生活的方方面面都有影响）”以及第三段中“Contrary to claims based on loss aversion, price increases do not affect consumer behavior more than price decreases.（与基于损失厌恶的索赔相反，价格上涨并不比价格下跌更能影响消费者行为）”可推知，Kahneman赞同亏损厌恶理论，价格上涨意味着对消费者的亏损，所以他认为人们最担心的情况是价格上涨。故选A。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In fact, science is not simply an impersonal search for truth, but also a social process, in which supporters of a theory must convince other scientists, through logic and argumentation, of how evidence should be interpreted.（ 事实上，科学不仅仅是一种对真理的客观探索，也是一个社交过程，在这个过程中，一个理论的支持者必须通过逻辑和论证来说服其他科学家如何解释证据）”可知，作者认为科学研究过程是客观的和社交性的。故选D。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In sum, our critical review of loss aversion highlights that, even in contemporary times, wrong ideas can continue to exist for a long time despite contrary evidence, and therefore, that there is a need to critically assess accepted beliefs. While loss aversion has frequently been used to explain why people are prejudiced toward the current situation, perhaps fittingly, the case of loss aversion illustrates the importance of challenging the present state of science.（总而言之，我们对损失厌恶的批判性回顾强调，即使在当代，尽管有相反的证据，错误的观点仍可能持续存在很长一段时间，因此，有必要批判性地评估公认的信念。虽然“损失厌恶”经常被用来解释人们为什么会对当前情况有偏见，但“损失厌恶”的案例或许恰如其分地说明了挑战当前科学状态的重要性）”结合文章首先介绍了著名的厌恶损失理论，随后通过举例说明厌恶损失理论并不能解释所有的行为。文章最后一段为文章的总结，结合最后一段的总结可知，我们需要辩证地评估被长久接受的观点，因为其有可能是错误的，A选项“为什么一个重要的想法是错误的?”最符合文章标题。故选A。
 

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

I began a new job in a new city six months ago. Big moments of changing like this have a way of dragging up deep, hidden fears we don’t face in our longer periods of stability. ____16____.I was constantly losing sleep, had lots of panicky doubt, and even some regret when I thought about the job I just left.

Change is risk. Our primitive brains translate risk into danger, and our survival as a species depends on avoiding it. Though philosopher Nietzsche famously said, “That which does not kill us, makes us stronger”, the risk that it could kill you can easily cause anxiety. ____17____. Me, no exception.

Unluckily, there are always big changes we must face at some point. ____18____. The first thing I did when I doubted myself and my decision to take a new job and move to a new city was talk to people who know and care about me. So blinded was I by change-caused anxiety that I had lost sight of my common sense. I reached out to my friends and my old boss. They gave me so much good advice that I wrote it down and referred to it often in those early weeks.

____19____. Simply thinking about the past challenges where you came out on top is a reminder that you will do so this time as well. Sometimes our greatest difficulties become our greatest moments of success.

Change while requiring adjustment—sometimes painful adjustment—often finds its way back to balance. Change and struggle are usually the only ways to get to someplace better. ____20____. So, the sooner you discover what helps you adjust, restart, and succeed during change, the easier it will be to bag the next peak.

A. Crisis is also opportunity

B. Change also never goes away

C. I also managed to learn from the past

D. That’s how species and individuals live together

E. I managed poorly at the beginning of this change

F. That’s why we are so restless when faced with changes

G. That means finding the wisdom that helps us make the change

【答案】16. E 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. B

【解析】

【导语】本篇是说明文。文章讲述了获得智慧的一些方法。

【16题详解】

根据下文“I was constantly losing sleep, had lots of panicked doubt, and even felt some regret when I thought about the job I just left.”（我经常失眠，有很多恐慌的怀疑，甚至是想到我辞去的工作时也会有一些遗憾。）可知，这些都属于作者在改变之初的一些不良反应，选项E“开始的时候我对这个改变管理的很不好”和下文意思一致。故选E。

【17题详解】

根据上文“the risk that it could kill you can easily cause anxiety.”（会要了你命的那个冒险很容易引起紧张。）可知，这是作者在解释什么情况下会导致人们紧张。选项F“这就是我们在面临变化是会睡不着的原因”和上文意思一致。故选F。

【18题详解】

根据上文“Unluckily, there are always big changes we must face at some point. ”（不幸的是，总有一些大的变化是我们必须面对的）根据下文“The first thing I did when I doubted myself and my decision to take a new job and move to a new city was talk to people who know and care about me.”（当我怀疑我自己和我的换工作和搬到新的城市的决定的时候，我首先做的就是和认识我并关心我的人交流。）可知，当我们面对改变的时候，这意味着我们应该找到一些帮助。选项G“这意味着找到帮助我们做出改变的智慧。”和下文意思一致。故选G。

【19题详解】

根据下文“Simply thinking about the past challenges where you came out on top is a reminder that you will do so this time as well.”（简单地回顾一下过去的挑战，你在其中脱颖而出，这提醒你这次也会这么做。）可知，作者也善于从过去中学习。选项C“我也尽力从过去中学习”和下文意思一致。故选C。

【20题详解】

根据上文“Change and struggle are usually the only ways to get to someplace better.”（改变和奋斗通常是通往更好地方的唯一途径）根据下文“So, the sooner you discover what helps you adjust, restart, and succeed during change, the easier it will be to bag the next peak.”（所以，你越早发现能帮助你调整、重启和成功的变化，就越容易进入下一个高峰。）可知，改变不会停歇。选项B“变化也永远不会消失”和下文意思一致。故选B。
 

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When I was a kid in junior high, I owned a big brick of a recorder. I’d ____21____it at the dinner table, then push the red ____22____to record. No one but me knew it was there.

One December night in the early 1970s, I ____23____to record the moment when my younger brother began to ____24____whether spirits existed. And for a bit more than six minutes, my mother and father tried to ____25____him that, yes, spirits are ____26____and are what we have faith in.

This turns out to be one of the only recordings I have of my mother’s ____27____. She died of cancer a few years after the tape was made. She ____28____the disease for nearly four years. Her suffering ____29____my memory of what she was like before: before the illness—I could ____30____remember her before she was sick. But ____31____the tape now has brought that time, and my mother, back to me.

Surely this is a gift—maybe even a gift from spirits. As my mom ____32____to us all those years ago: spirits are a ____33____, a feeling.

And I can hear her voice today, all because I pushed the button on a tape recorder and ____34____the exact moment a young child began to doubt—and a mother tried to keep him ____35____a little while longer.

21. A. show B. repair C. hide D. throw

22. A. button B. card C. bottom D. handle

23. A. refused B. happened C. intended D. tried

24. A. doubt B. admit C. notice D. describe

25. A. cheat B. remind C. convince D. promise

26. A. fake B. real C. generous D. imaginary

27. A. image B. memory C. thought D. voice

28. A. spread B. caused C. fought D. prevented

29. A. relieved B. refreshed C. created D. stole

30. A. merely B. hardly C. regularly D. actually

31. A. listening to B. making up C. taking apart D. playing with

32. A. mentioned B. apologized C. responded D. explained

33. A. person B. belief C. spirit D. tale

34. A. killed B. overlooked C. caught D. recognized

35. A. happy B. quiet C. noisy D. innocent

【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D

【解析】

【导语】本篇是记叙文。主要讲述作者小时候偶然录制下的妈妈的声音成为了作者以后生活中珍贵回忆的故事。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会把它藏在餐桌上，然后按下红色按钮录音。A. show展示；B. repair修理；C. hide隐藏；D. throw扔。根据后文“No one but me knew it was there.”可知，作者把这个录音机藏在那里，故选C。

【22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会把它藏在餐桌上，然后按下红色按钮录音。A. button按钮；B. card卡片；C. bottom底部；D. handle处理。根据最后一段中“I pushed the button on a tape recorder”可知，是按下红色的按钮，故选A。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：20世纪70年代初的一个12月的晚上，我碰巧录下了弟弟开始怀疑灵魂是否存在的那一刻。A. refused拒绝；B. happened发生；C. intended打算；D. tried尝试。根据下文意思可知，这是作者碰巧录下的，happened to do表示“碰巧做某事”。故选B。

【24题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：20世纪70年代初的一个12月的晚上，我碰巧录下了弟弟开始怀疑灵魂是否存在的那一刻。A. doubt怀疑；B. admit承认；C. notice注意到；D. describe描述。根据最后一段“the exact moment a young child began to doubt”可知，当时正是弟弟对“whether spirits existed”产生怀疑的时候，故选A。

【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在6分钟多一点的时间里，我的父母试图让他相信，是的，灵魂是真实存在的，而且是我们所相信的。A. cheat欺骗；B. remind提醒；C. convince说服；D. promise承诺。结合后文“and are what we have faith in”作者的父母试图说服弟弟，灵魂是真的存在的，且存在于我们的信仰里，故选C。

【26题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在6分钟多一点的时间里，我的父母试图让他相信，是的，灵魂是真实存在的，而且是我们所相信的。A. fake伪造的；B. real真的；C. generous慷慨的；D. imaginary想象的。根据后文“and are what we have faith in”可知，作者的父母试图说服弟弟，灵魂是真的存在的，且存在于我们的信仰里，故选B。

【27题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我仅有的几段母亲声音的录音之一。A. image图像；B. memory记忆；C. thought想法；D. voice嗓音。根据句意可知，能用录音机记录的应该是声音，voice指人的嗓音。故选D。

【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她与疾病作了近四年的斗争。A. spread传播；B. caused造成；C. fought战斗；D. prevented阻止。根据后文“the disease for nearly four years”可知，母亲患了疾病，与病痛作斗争，故选C。

【29题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的痛苦使我忘记了她以前的样子：生病之前的样子——我几乎记不起她生病之前的样子了。A. relieved减轻；B. refreshed恢复精神；C. created创造；D. stole偷窃。根据后文“my memory of what she was like before”可知，此处比喻母亲的痛苦偷走了作者关于母亲以前样子的记忆，steal符合语境。故选D。

【30题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的痛苦使我忘记了她以前的样子：生病之前的样子——我几乎记不起她生病之前的样子了。A. merely仅仅；B. hardly几乎不；C. regularly定期地；D. actually实际上。根据上文“my memory of what she was like before: before the illness”可知，母亲的痛苦使作者忘记了她以前的样子，几乎记不起她生病之前的样子了。故选B。

【31题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是现在听录音把那段时光和我的母亲带回到了我的身边。A. listening to倾听；B. making up编造；C. taking apart拆开；D. playing with玩耍。根据后文“the tape”指听录音，应用listen to。故选A。

【32题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像我妈妈多年前向我们解释的那样：灵魂是一种信仰，一种感觉。A. mentioned提及；B. apologized道歉；C. responded回答；D. explained解释。根据后文“to us all those years ago: spirits are a”可知，听磁带想到妈妈，正如当初妈妈对作者的解释，让作者明白了灵魂是一种感觉，是一种信仰，故选D。

【33题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像我妈妈多年前向我们解释的那样：灵魂是一种信仰，一种感觉。A. person人；B. belief信念；C. spirit精神；D. tale故事。呼应上文“and are what we have faith in”指灵魂是一种信仰。故选B。

【34题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天我还能听到她的声音，这一切都是因为我按下了录音机上的按钮，记录下了一个孩子开始怀疑的那一刻——以及一位母亲试图让他多天真一会儿的那一刻。A. killed杀死；B. overlooked忽视；C. caught抓住，记录；D. recognized识别。根据后文“the exact moment a young child began to doubt”可知，作者之所以今天能听到妈妈的声音，是当年记录下了一个孩子开始怀疑的那一刻，catch此处理解为“记录”。故选C。

【35题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天我还能听到她的声音，这一切都是因为我按下了录音机上的按钮，记录下了一个孩子开始怀疑的那一刻——以及一位母亲试图让他多天真一会儿的那一刻。A. happy快乐的；B. quiet安静的；C. noisy嘈杂的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。根据前文“a young child began to doubt—and a mother tried to keep him”可知，作者现在明白了，妈妈承认灵魂真实存在，是想让孩子的童真保持得更长久一点，故选D。
 

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese conservation officials have announced that they no longer consider giant pandas in China ____36____an endangered species. There are now 1,800 giant pandas living in the wild, a number that officials credit to the country’s devotion to ____37____（maintain） nature reserves and other conservation ____38____（initiative） in recent years. As a result, other species have seen ____39____gradual increase in population numbers as well.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature removed giant pandas from its list of endangered species in 2016—a decision that Chinese officials ____40____（challenge） at the time. “If we downgrade their conservation status, the populations and habitats of giant pandas could still suffer serious ____41____（lose） and our achievements would be ____42____（speedy） lost. ”

The World Wildlife Fund called the announcement another sign of hope for the species. “Thanks to decades of cooperation between the Chinese government, local communities and companies, the giant panda’s future ____43____（secure） , ” said Colby Loucks, WWF’s Vice President for Wildlife Conservation.

“China’s successful conservation of giant pandas shows ____44____can be achieved with joint efforts,” he continued. “Continuing these conservation efforts is critical, but we need to stay _____45_____（care） on the future impacts climate change may have on giant pandas and their mountainous forest habitat. ”

【答案】36. as  37. maintaining

38. initiatives

39. a  40. were challenging

41. losses  42. speedily

43. has been secured

44. it  45. careful

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过中国政府的努力，中国的大熊猫不再视为濒危物种。

【36题详解】

考查介词。句意：中国保护官员宣布，他们不再把中国的大熊猫视为濒危物种。consider... as... 把……看作是……。故填as。

【37题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：目前有1800只野生大熊猫，官员们将这一数字归功于中国近年来致力于维护自然保护区和其他保护举措。devotion to奉献于，致力于，其中to 为介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填maintaining。

【38题详解】

考查名词的数。句意：目前有1800只野生大熊猫，官员们将这一数字归功于中国近年来致力于维护自然保护区和其他保护举措。other后加可数名词复数，initiative在句中表示“措施”，是可数名词，应用复数形式，故填initiatives。

【39题详解】

考查冠词。句意：因此，其他物种的种群数量也在逐渐增加。此处increase为可数名词单数，泛指一种逐渐增加的趋势，且空格后gradual是以辅音音素开头的名词，应用不定冠词a限定。故填a。

【40题详解】

考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：2016年，国际自然保护联盟将大熊猫从濒危物种名单中移除，当时中国官员对这一决定表示质疑。根据时间状语at the time可知，表示意为“那个时候正在发生的事情”，应该用过去进行时，又因主语officials是复数名词，所以be动词用were。故填were challenging。

【41题详解】

考查名词。句意：如果我们降低大熊猫的保护地位，大熊猫的数量和栖息地仍可能遭受严重损失，我们的成就也将迅速失去。根据句意和空格前形容词serious可知，应用名词loss作宾语，意为“损失”，多用复数形式。故填losses。

【42题详解】

考查副词。句意：如果我们降低大熊猫的保护地位，大熊猫的数量和栖息地仍可能遭受严重损失，我们的成就也将迅速失去。副词修饰动词。故填speedily。

【43题详解】

考查动词时态和语态。句意：世界自然基金会负责野生动物保护副主席Colby Loucks说：“多亏了中国政府、当地社区和企业几十年来的合作，大熊猫的未来已经得到了保障。”分析句子可知，提示词是句中谓语动词，结合句意可知，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语the giant panda’s future与secure之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时被动语态，又因主语the giant panda’s future是不可数名词，所以助动词用has。故填has been secured。

【44题详解】

考查代词。句意：中国保护大熊猫的成功表明，通过共同努力是可以实现的。根据句意，应填入代词it，指代前文conservation of giant pandas，作宾语从句主语。故填it。

【45题详解】

考查形容词。句意：继续这些保护工作至关重要，但我们需要谨慎对待气候变化可能对大熊猫及其山区森林栖息地造成的未来影响。系动词stay后需用形容词作表语。故填careful。
 

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校国际部计划邀请史密斯教授于本周五进行关于“How to learn effectively”的讲座，请为校英语广播站写一份通知。内容包括：

1. 讲座时间、地点；

2. 讲座内容；

3.注意事项。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Notice

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

【答案】Notice

It's hereby announced that there is going to be a lecture themed “How to learn effectively".

The lecture, to be given by a well-known educator, Professor Smith, will take place in the school hall at 8:00 a.m. on May 21, 2021（this Friday）. Divided into 2 parts, the speech will firstly cover several effective approaches to learning in senior high. In addition, the benefits of effective learning will also be included.

Meanwhile, there is another thing you're expected to pay special attention to: throughout the lecture, everyone present is required to wear a mask.

Whoever is interested is welcome. Please arrive on time.

Student Council

December 18, 2021

【解析】

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一则关于校国际部将邀请Smith教授于本周五进行关于“How to learn effectively”的讲座的通知。

【详解】1.词汇积累

著名的：well-known→famous

包括：cover→include

方法：approach→method

此外：In addition→moreover

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：The lecture, to be given by a well-known educator, Professor Smith, will take place in the school hall at 8:00 a.m. on May 21, 2021（this Friday）.

拓展句：The lecture, which will be given by a well-known educator, Professor Smith, will take place in the school hall at 8:00 a.m. on May 21, 2021（this Friday）.

【点睛】[高分句型1]It's hereby announced that there is going to be a lecture themed “How to learn effectively".（运用了that引导的主语从句且用it作形式主语）

[高分句型2]Meanwhile, there is another thing you're expected to pay special attention to: throughout the lecture, everyone present is required to wear a mask.（运用了省略that的定语从句）
 

第二节（满分25分）

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Here’s the story of my growth over the past year. It’s a story of how I found the strength to change myself for better and then how I get rid of my fears to be even better. If anyone is inspired by this, that’s wonderful.

I’d been stuck as this incredibly insecure, under-confident and just scared individual for years and years. Since childhood I’d been stuck like this. Kids I met for the first time looked at me rudely and unkindly. Even my friends—actually, I had very few friends because I just felt too ashamed and frightened to make some, though I was eager to and felt extremely lonely in the depth of my heart—laughed at me and gave me bad nicknames. I felt terrible, but I’d just resigned to a life where I’d be afraid of everything and be this “introvert” （内向的人） or whatever. I thought I would never be able to change, never, for my whole life.

But then it all started changing. Something clicked. I suddenly determined to go on a diet, and lost some weight. It was tough. I felt hungry all the time. I was always tempted by the smell of bread and hamburger, even when I didn’t see them. But the toughest thing was that even if I had just had my meals, I felt hunger mentally. However, I held on. In over a period of 6 months I finally managed to stick to one of my diets. I didn’t know how. But I did make it.

The loss of 90 lbs brought me from overweight straight down to underweight. This isn’t the best part. More importantly and inspiringly, I suddenly found strength in me. I realized I could be totally different. And maybe, I could even be whatever I wanted to be. This taught me that I could change myself.

Then I wondered, perhaps, I could also get rid of those of my fears, just like I succeeded in losing my extra pounds. It might not be easy, but it might not be that difficult.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右：

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Chance presented itself soon.

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It was from that point on that I started changing rapidly.

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【答案】Chance presented itself soon. One single time, I heard about a public speaking thing going on at my university, and for the first time, I actually managed to build up the courage to go there. It was liberating. For the first time I was able to share my story, and able to do it in front of dozens of people potentially judging me, and suddenly all the random fears about speaking publicly started disappearing. This taught me I could get rid of my fears.

It was from that point on that I started changing rapidly. Using the fact that I could change, and that I could get rid of my fears, I started working on them one by one. My fear of greeting strangers, my fear of talking to strangers, my fear of asking simple questions I should ‘already know’, my fear of hanging out with people, my fear of not knowing things, my fear of making new friends, classmates and teachers, my fear of being myself, all of which help make me a better one.

【解析】

【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在成长的过程中如何找到力量去改变自己——减轻体重和克服恐惧使自己变得更好的故事。

【详解】1.段落续写：

①由第一段首句内容“机会很快就出现了。”可知，第一段可描写作者利用公开演讲如何摆脱内心恐惧的经过。

②由第二段首句内容“从那时起，我就开始迅速地改变了。”可知，第二段可描写作者在成功减重和摆脱恐惧之后，很快地进行了其他方面的自身改变。

2.续写线索：公开演讲——摆脱恐惧——其他改变——感悟

3.词汇激活

行为类

①消失：disappear/vanish

②摆脱：get rid of/extricate oneself from

③开始：start/begin

情绪类

害怕：fear/dread

【点睛】[高分句型1]. Using the fact that I could change, and that I could get rid of my fears, I started working on them one by one. （由第一个that引导的定语从句和第二个that引导的同位语从句，现在分词作状语）

[高分句型2]My fear of greeting strangers, my fear of talking to strangers, my fear of asking simple questions I should ‘already know’, my fear of hanging out with people, my fear of not knowing things, my fear of making new friends, classmates and teachers, my fear of being myself, all of which help make me a better one. （“代词+of+which”结构的非限制性定语从句）

听力答案：1-5 CBACA  6-10 BCACC  11-15 CACBB  16-20 AABBA